FUNCTIONAL VISION PROBLEMS
Convergence Insufficiency (C.I.)
​
Someone with a Convergence Insufficiency will have difficulties allowing their eyes to work together when focusing on an object that is close. This could cause headaches or double vision.
Some of the most common Functional Vision problems are:
Post Traumatic Vision Syndrome (PTVS)
​
PTVS occurs when someone experiences visual problems as a result of a concussion, mild traumatic brain injury, whiplash or acquired brain injury. Common symptoms of PTVS include but aren't limited to: blurred vision, headaches, balancing issues, poor comprehension and reading difficulties.
Oculomotor Dysfunction (OMD)
​
OMD is the inability to perform controlled and purposeful eye movements. This makes it difficult for your eyes to look where you want, when you want. Someone with an OMD may experience reading difficulties, poor comprehension and trouble maintaining eye contact.
Visual Perceptual and Processing Problems
​
Visual Perception and Processing allow for our eyes and our brain to communicate efficiently with one another. Problems with our visual perceptual skills will make it difficult for us to accurately interpret and act on what we see.
Retained Primitive Reflexes
​
Primitive reflexes develop as a child is in the womb and are the building blocks of life. They serve to protect the fetus, aid in delivery and help the infant survive for the first six to twelve months of life. After the first year, infants should integrate these reflexes into the higher learning areas of the brain. If these reflexes don't integrate, they are "retained" and can form blocks for eye movement control, bodily organization and learning later in life. Learn more about primitive reflexes here.
Accommodative Dysfunction
​
Accommodative dysfunction is a vision problem which does not allow a person to change focus at different distances. The ciliary muscle of the eye changes the shape of your eye's lens by contracting and relaxing, to allow for focusing at different distances. Someone with an accommodative dysfunction will likely experience headaches, sore eyes, double vision and poor comprehension.